[Read more about heterochromia.]. This genetic switch limits how much melanin is produced in the iris effectively "diluting" brown eyes to a shade of blue. But it's not all good news for people with brown eyes. If you have less melanin in the iris, you'll have a lighter eye color. As a baby grows, melanin continues to develop. Also, the prevalence of eye colors varies geographically. People whose skin cells dont make much melanin have lighter eyes. Color Blindness | National Eye Institute - National Institutes of Health For cosmetic reasons, some people choose to wear colored contact lenses to change the color of their eyes. What is the most common eye color? Heterochromia Iridis. Different factors are involved in determining eye c By Amy Hellem; reviewed by Gary Heiting, OD. Read our policy. Blouses, scarves and mascara accentuate the dark blue or play it down. These genes also play a role in the color of your hair and skin. For example, the HERC2 gene turns the OAC2 gene on and off as needed. But some people can have a pigment "freckle" (called a nevus) on one part of their iris. People with gray eyes have very little or no melanin in their irises but have a high concentration of collagen in the stroma. If you don't have gray eyes but they appear to become more gray over time, it may be due to a cataract. 2000-2023 AAV Media, LLC. The top layer, called the epithelium , is where the melanin (pigment) that gives an eye its color lives. Melanin comes in two forms: eumelanin and pheomelanin. According to scientific research, blue eyes are most common in countries surrounding the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe. Also, researchers in Australia found that people with dark brown eyes were more likely to develop cataracts than people with lighter-colored eyes. (https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/8590/heterochromia-iridis), Visitation, mask requirements and COVID-19 information. Eye color linked to pain tolerance in pilot study at Pitt. The conventional eye colors have generally been thought of as: Of those four, green is the rarest. January 2013. 2017 Mar;34(1):21-26. doi:10.1080/08990220.2016.1276439, Stasio ED, Maggi D, Berardesca E, et al. https://www.aao.org/eye-health/tips-prevention/your-blue-eyes-arent-really-blue. Other colors like gray or hazel are less common. Brown Eyes Are More Common in Certain Places. Even though there are different eye colors, including less common blue eyes and green eyes, there is only one type of eye color pigment.
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