In the 19th and 20th centuries thousands of southern African Americans were lynched by white mobs. Thomas Dartmouth Rice, a struggling white actor, became famous by performing in blackface makeup as "Jim Crow," an exaggerated, highly stereotypical black character. After the riot, more than 2,100 blacks left the city permanently, having to abandon their businesses and properties, turning it from a black-majority to a white-majority city. Donations to the Trust are tax deductible to the full extent allowable under the law. Three years later between 200,000 and 300,000 participants came to Washington D.C. for the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom to advocate for the civil and economic rights of African Americans. In 1896, a group of African American women established the National Association of Colored Women to support womens suffrage and fight against other forms of social injustice. All of these were legally sanctioned by the U.S. Supreme Court ( Plessy v. Oklahoma, 1939. After Reconstruction, states in the South passed laws that barred African Americans from voting and segregated schools, restaurants, and public accommodations. The Age of Reconstruction Complete Unit Guide Packet Overview The Reconstruction Era refers to the period after the Civil War ended, from about 1865 to 1877. Lynchings were a common form of terrorism practiced against blacks to intimidate them. Definition and Examples, Indian Citizenship Act: Granted Citizenship but Not Voting Rights, The Compromise of 1877 Set the Stage for the Jim Crow Era, The Niagara Movement: Organizing for Social Change, African-American Organizations of the Progressive Era, The Civil Rights Act of 1964 Did Not End the Movement for Equality, African-American Men and Women of the Progressive Era, The Power of the Press: Black American News Publications in the Jim Crow Era, M.S.Ed, Secondary Education, St. John's University, M.F.A., Creative Writing, City College of New York. Ever since Barack Obama lifted his right hand and took his oath of office, pledging to serve the United States as its 44th president, ordinary people and their leaders around the globe have been celebrating our nation's "triumph over race."
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